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Why Banks Have Hundreds of Systems — But Still No Architecture

CIO Diagnostic Series — Banking Edition

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Executive Context — Why This Issue Exists (P1–P2)

From the outside, banking IT looks solid.


Core banking runs. Payments flow.LOS/LMS teams release updates. Cards, CRM, reconciliation, GL, AML, fraud, treasury, and digital channels all have structured systems and roadmaps.


Everything looks “implemented.”

But that is exactly the problem.


Most banks operate with 90% of their architecture trapped inside P5 — Implementation Tasks:

  • systems

  • workflows

  • configurations

  • tickets

  • releases

  • integrations

  • channel enhancements

  • infrastructure upgrades


Which means P1–P4 (Strategy → Process → Logic → Component Specifications) remain thin, ambiguous, undocumented, or inconsistent.


The bank runs — but the enterprise above the systems is not architected.


So the CIO inherits fragmentation, not creates it.


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