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Case IN21: How an NBFC Mistook Lending App Expansion for Enterprise Architecture 💲

Part of the India Enterprise Anatomy Diagnostic Series


1. How This Pattern Emerged

As India’s digital lending market surged, many Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) raced to launch mobile apps, credit scoring engines, and automated disbursement platforms. One fast-growing NBFC introduced a lending app with digital onboarding, e-KYC, risk scoring, and loan servicing in under five minutes.


On the surface, it marked a leap forward: App adoption soared. Loan approvals scaled. Collections moved online. Credit rules were adjusted based on AI models.


But across diagnostics of fintechs and NBFCs, ICMG observed a structural void:

While digital lending accelerated, the NBFC enterprise—spanning product lifecycle, regulatory compliance, portfolio strategy, risk interlock, funding workflows, and operations governance—was never structurally modeled.


The app scaled. The enterprise never took form.

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